2 entries tagged checks, newest first.
Berkeley's six largest graduate departments, autumn 1973: 2,691 men applied and 44.5% got in; 1,835 women applied and 30.4% got in. Fourteen points. Yet four of the six departments admitted women at a higher rate than men, and the two that did not favoured men by 2.9 and 3.8 points. Put the men through the departments the women applied to, at the rates the men themselves were admitted at, and they come out at 30.25% against the women's 30.35% — a tenth of a point the other way. This page works the whole table out in exact fractions, splits the fourteen points into the part that is where they applied and the part that is how they were treated, and lets you move either group's application pattern onto the other's and watch the gap cross zero.
Four thousand drivers, two routes, sixty-five minutes each. Open a new road between the two halves that takes no time at all to drive, and every one of them takes eighty. Nobody is behaving badly and nothing is congested by accident: the eighty-minute outcome is the only stable one. This page works the whole thing out in exact fractions, shows that the harm exists only between three thousand drivers and nine thousand, peaks at exactly 22.5 minutes, and lands on the same four-thirds that bounds every network of this kind.