3 entries tagged statistics, newest first.
Berkeley's six largest graduate departments, autumn 1973: 2,691 men applied and 44.5% got in; 1,835 women applied and 30.4% got in. Fourteen points. Yet four of the six departments admitted women at a higher rate than men, and the two that did not favoured men by 2.9 and 3.8 points. Put the men through the departments the women applied to, at the rates the men themselves were admitted at, and they come out at 30.25% against the women's 30.35% — a tenth of a point the other way. This page works the whole table out in exact fractions, splits the fourteen points into the part that is where they applied and the part that is how they were treated, and lets you move either group's application pattern onto the other's and watch the gap cross zero.
In February 1944 the Allies estimated German tank production two ways. The spies said 1,400 a month. The serial numbers on captured gearboxes said 270. The German records, found after the war, said 276. The whole method is one line — the highest number you have seen, plus one more average gap — and this page shows that it is exactly unbiased, that the obvious alternative is more than twice as wide, and how many serial numbers you need before the answer is worth printing.
Buses every ten minutes, and the average rider lands in a gap of twenty. Your friends have more friends than you do. The college's average class is 32 and the average student sits in 73. Sixty out and twenty back averages thirty, not forty. Four famous surprises, one fraction: mean times one plus the coefficient of variation squared.